Prunella modularis (Linnaeus, 1758)

This species is found in a wide variety of habitats across its range. It breeds in scrubby habitats, extensive marshlands and in the Mediterranean area, lowlands and semi-arid plains. It is typically a woodland species in much of Europe but in the North Sea countries it is most common in farmland, favouring hedges, scattered bushes and farmsteads  and suburban areas, where it is common in cemeteries, parks, orchards and gardens (Hagemeijer and Blair 1997).The species breeds from March to July across Europe except in Russia where breeding is from May to August. The nest is a cup of twigs, stems, roots, grass and moss, lined with hair, wool and sometimes feathers, located above the ground in a bush, hedge or tree. It lays three to six eggs.It feeds mainly on arthropods but supplements its diet with seeds in the winter (Hatchwell 2016).In western Europe the species is resident; in western-central Europe it is partially migratory, making altitudinal movements in montane areas; in Fennoscandia and central Europe it is fully migratory (Hagemeijer and Blair 1997).Although the generation length for both EU and Europe regional assessments were calculated using the same methodology, new information arriving after the EU assessments were undertaken gave rise to an update in the generation lengths. This new information was then used for the Europe level assessments giving rise to a difference between the generation lengths used for the EU and Europe regions.